作者:劉世一
1. 【原文】 I'll be able to write faster.(L.25 )句中be able to 與can的用法有什么區別?
【精析】can和be able to 都可以表示"能力",can 是情態動詞,不用于將來時態,表示將來要用be able to的將來時。如:
She can speak English very well. 她英語講得不錯。
I am sure I shall be able to speak English very well.我相信我將來英語講得會很好。
注:be able to 有"經過努力之后能夠......"的意思。試比較:
Mike could swim very well at that time. 邁克那時游泳游得很好。
Mike tried hard and was able to swim across the river at last. 邁克經過艱苦的努力,終于能游過那條河了。
can還可以表示"請求和允許"以及"可能",be able to 沒有這種用法。如:
Even experienced persons can make mistakes. 即使是有豐富經驗的人也可能犯錯。
2. 【原文】..., and the boy was too frightened to move. (L. 26)句中frightened 可以用afraid嗎?
【精析】不可以。這兩個詞作形容詞時都有"害怕"的意思。但frightened還可表示"受驚嚇"的意思,而afraid 接從句有"恐怕"的意思。frightened 還可作定語,而afraid 則不可。試比較:
A frightened boy is crying. 一個受驚嚇的男孩正在哭。
I'm afraid that I can't help you. 恐怕我幫不了你了。
The little girl was frightened / afraid of the police. 這個小姑娘害怕警察。
3. 【原文】 Tomorrow if possible. (L.28)句子的完整形式是什么?
【精析】此句完整的形式是I want it tomorrow if it is possible."如果行的話,我明天要。"if引導的是條件狀語從句,當它的主句是it + is + 形容詞時,常省掉it is。
4. I want to learn how to run quickly and to eat healthily. (L. 28)句中的動詞不定式都是做什么成份?
【精析】句中的第一個不定式to learn ... healthily作動詞want的賓語;不定式短語how to run quickly和to eat healthily都作動詞learn的賓語,其中how to run quickly是帶疑問副詞的不定式短語;to eat healthily省去了疑問副詞how。整個句子的意思是"我想學習怎樣能跑得快一點兒和如何能做到健康飲食。"