作者：謝宗春

川劇中的"變臉"變化多端，精彩絕倫，令人嘆為觀止！There be句型是我們剛認(rèn)識(shí)不久的好朋友，看看它是怎樣"變臉"的吧。

1. 變臉一：否定句

There be句型的否定式的構(gòu)成和含有be動(dòng)詞的其它句型一樣，在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同：not是副詞，no為形容詞，not a/an/any + n. 相當(dāng)于no+ n.。例如：

There are some pictures on the wall. →There aren't any pictures on the wall. =There are no pictures on the wall.

There is a bike behind the tree. → There isn't a bike behind the tree. =There is no bike behind the tree.

2. 變臉二：一般疑問(wèn)句

There be句型的一般疑問(wèn)句變化是把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)整到句首，再在句尾加上問(wèn)號(hào)即可，此為"調(diào)整法"。但同時(shí)要注意：當(dāng)肯定句中有some時(shí)，要將其改為any（否定變化也一樣）。看看下面兩句是如何"改頭換面"的吧：

There is some water on Mars. → Is there any water on Mars?

There are some fish in the water. →Are there any fish in the water?

3. 變臉三：特殊疑問(wèn)句

There be句型的特殊疑問(wèn)句形式有以下三種變化：

① 對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問(wèn)：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是人時(shí)，用"Who's+介詞短語(yǔ)?"；當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是物時(shí)，用"What's + 介詞短語(yǔ)?"。注意：無(wú)論原句的主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，對(duì)之提問(wèn)時(shí)一般都用be的單數(shù)形式(回答時(shí)卻要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況來(lái)決定)。如：

There are many things over there. →What's over there?

There is a little girl in the room.→Who is in the room?

② 對(duì)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)提問(wèn)：提問(wèn)地點(diǎn)當(dāng)然用"Where is / are+主語(yǔ)?"啦！例如：

There is a computer on the desk. → Where is the computer?

There are four children on the playground. →Where are the four children?

③ 對(duì)數(shù)量提問(wèn)：一般有兩種句型結(jié)構(gòu)：

How many+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+are there+介詞短語(yǔ)？

How much+不可數(shù)名詞+is there+介詞短語(yǔ)？