作者：邱世才

動詞是英語中最重要的詞類之一。"動詞填空"是中考題中的一種傳統(tǒng)題型,考查側(cè)重于動詞同義詞的區(qū)分和短語動詞的區(qū)別;非謂語動詞的考查;時態(tài)或語態(tài)的考查。下面就做單句時態(tài)或語態(tài)的動詞填空的解法作一點撥。

做單句時態(tài)和語態(tài)的動詞填空,應(yīng)把握以下幾點:

A)根據(jù)時間狀語確定時態(tài)。句中的時間狀語是確定時態(tài)的重要標志。

B)根據(jù)上下文已有的時態(tài)信息點確定時態(tài)。

C)利用上下文語意確定時態(tài)。有些句子既沒有時間狀語,又沒有時態(tài)信息點可參照,這時需要根據(jù)語意確定時態(tài)。

D)根據(jù)動詞時態(tài)中的"特殊"的原則。如賓語從句表示的是一個客觀事實或客觀真理時,其時態(tài)不受主句限制而用一般現(xiàn)在時表示。

【題型展示1 】

1. -What did the teacher say just now?

-He said that light ______ faster than sound.

A. traveled B. traveling C. to travel D. travels (Key: D)

2. His uncle ______ in three days.

A. returns B. has returned C. returned D. will return (Key: D)

3. -What ______ you ______ tomorrow?

-I have no idea.

A. is; going B. is; going to do C. are; going D. are; going to do (Key: D)

所給動詞在句子中不作謂語時,就要考慮用動詞的非謂語動詞(不定式、動名詞、現(xiàn)在/過去分詞)形式。這是平時最容易出現(xiàn)錯誤的地方。應(yīng)記住:在be busy, be worth, can't help, enjoy, finish, feel like, mind, stop... from, be used for等詞或短語后要用V-ing形式。在感官動詞see, watch, notice, look at, hear,feel, listen to,使役動詞make, let, have等后作賓語補足語時,不帶to。在had better, would rather等結(jié)構(gòu)后,及助動詞shall, will, would及其它情態(tài)動詞之后,不帶to。在would like, hope, wish, decide后接不定式作賓語要帶to。

【題型展示2】

1. They are busy ______ ready for the exams.

A. get B. getting C. to get D. got(Key: B)

2. They often ask us ______ football with them.

A. to play B. playing C. played D. play (Key: A)

3. -Mike! What are you doing there?

-Listen, Mum. I hear somebody ______ upstairs.

A. going B. goes C. go D. to go (Key: A)