重點詞語用法

1．suggest 的用法

1)suggest用作及物動詞，后接名詞、動名詞或名詞性從句。從句中的謂語形式多為should加動詞原形，should可以省略。

①He suggested our returning home as soon as possible.

他建議我們盡快回家。

②He suggested a plan.

他提出了一個計劃。

③I suggested that he(should)do it.

我建議他做那件事。

2)suggest作及物動詞，表示“暗示，表明”，后面也加that從句，但不用should do 形式。

①Her appearance suggests that she is living a happy life.

她的樣子顯示她生活得很幸福。

②His yawns suggested that he would like to go to bed.

他哈欠連天，說明他該上床睡覺了。

2．fire 的用法

fire作用物質名詞表示“火”時是不可數名詞，一般不加冠詞。

①There is no smoke without fire.

無風不起浪。

②Keep away from fire!

切勿近火！

▲表示“火災”時，fire用作可數名詞。

①A fire broke out yesterday.

昨天發生了一場火災。

②Forest fires are common in North America.

北美的森林火災很普遍。

③The fire was soon put out.

火很快撲滅了。

▲set fire to 意為“放火燒”，“使情緒激動”。

①He set fire to his house before he took a flight.

他逃跑前放火燒了房子。

②He set the audience on fire.

他使聽眾情緒激昂。

▲catch fire作“著火，燃燒，激動起來”解。

①First the curtains caught fire and then the bed-clothes.

窗簾首先著火了，接著被褥也著火了。

②The audience caught fire at his words.

觀眾聽了他的話群情激昂。

▲go through fire and water作“赴湯蹈火”解。

They were always ready to go through fire and water for the sake of the Chinese people's liberation.

他們隨時準備為中國人民的解放而赴湯蹈火。

3．情態動詞 might的用法

1)might是may的過去式，但只有在過去時間的語境中，might才表示過去的“許可”。

①They assured us that we might come and go as we pleased.

他們向我們保證，我們可以來去自由。

②She asked if she might go home then.

她詢問那時是否可以回家。

2)在過去時間的語境中，might可表示過去的“可能”。

①He explained he might be late for school because of a traffic jam.

他解釋到，他上學可能會因交通堵塞而遲到。

②He said he might be working late that night.

他說那天晚上他可能工作到深夜。

3)如果不出現在過去時間的語境中，might僅表示一種婉轉口氣。

①We might ask John to chair the meeting.

我們不妨請約翰主持會議。(試探性的建議)

②You might take these letters to the post office for me.

你可否把我的幾封信帶到郵局發掉。(客氣的請求)

4．battle, war, fight & struggle

1)war指國家間的戰爭總體。

①They are at war with the country.

他們正在與該國交戰。

②War is not the best way to settle quarrels between different countries.

戰爭不是解決國與國之間爭端的最好方法。

2)battle 指war中的各個戰役。

①He died in the battle of Waterloo.

他死于滑鐵盧戰役。

②They all went out to battle.

他們全部奔赴戰場了。

3)fight 指具體的爭斗，可以有兵器，也可以沒有，可以指人之間，亦可指動物之間的爭斗。

①They fought for freedom.

他們為自由而戰。

②England fought against Germany.

英國和德國打仗。

4)struggle指較長時期的，激烈的爭斗，往往指肉體上、精神上的戰斗。

①He struggled with the thief.

他與竊賊搏斗。

②They had to struggle for their lives against weather and wild animals.

他們必須與氣候、野獸抗爭以求生存。

5．when用作并列連詞，意為“這時突然……”(”and then；and just at that time)；“正在……時，突然”。注意這時不能將when所引導的句子放在句首。例如：

①An Arab was walking along in the desert when he met two men.

一個阿拉伯人正獨自在沙漠中走，這時他碰見兩個人。

②I was Just coming to see you when I ran into Wilson.

我正要去看你，這時我碰到威爾遜。

③Peter was on his way home when two boys stopped him.

彼得正往家走，突然兩個男孩攔住了他。

6．speed的用法

speed用作抽象意義，表示“速度，速率”時為不可數名詞；而當表示具體的以某種速度行駛時，則為可數名詞，多在前面加不定冠詞a。

①The speed of light is faster than that of sound.

光速比音速要快。

②The motor-bike is gaining speed.

那輛摩托車在加快速度。

③He ran at an average speed at the beginning of the race.

在比賽開始時他以中速賽跑。

④Drivers are required to drive at a safe speed on the twisting roads in the mountain.

要求司機們在蜿蜒曲折的山路上以安全的速度行車。

⑤The police car is running with a maximum speed.

警車正以最快的速度行駛。

⑥A student was required to have a speed of 500 words per minute in speed-reading.

在快速閱讀中要求學生每分鐘讀500字。

▲at speed意為“高速地，迅速地”。

①The ambulance is running at speed with alarms.

救護車鳴笛急馳。

②She finished typewriting the letter at speed.

她迅速打好那封信。

▲at full/top speed表示“全速，最快速度”。

①The militant trucks ran to the front at full speed.

軍車全速開往前線。

②The first-aid medical team got to the spot of the accident at top speed.

急救醫療隊以最快速度趕到事故現場。

③The runners dashed to the finish at top speed.

賽跑運動員以最快的速度沖向終點。

▲speed可用作動詞，意為“迅速前進，快行”。

①The destroyer sped through wind and waves.

那艘驅逐艦頂風斬浪向前行駛。

②She sped home the moment she was told that her husband fell ill suddenly.

剛一聽說丈夫突然病倒，她便馬上奔回家去。

③He sped the car through the streets.

他加快車速，穿過一條條街道。

▲speed up意“(使)加快，(使)加速”等，其過去式和過去分詞多用speeded。

①He speeded up the engine.

他加快了發動機的速度。

②Many cities have speeded up in house building to meet the demand.

許多城市在建房中加快速度，以滿足要求。

7．warn的用法

warn基礎用法如下：1)warn sb．of(或 about)sth．警告某人某事；2)warn sb．(not)to do sth．警告某人(不)要做某事；3)warn sb．against sth．(或 doing sth．)警告某人不要做某事；4)warn(sb．)that…警告(某人)某事。例如：

①I warned you of the danger, didn't I?

我給你說了有危險，不是嗎？

②Doctor warned people not to smoke.

醫生警告人們不要吸煙。

③They warned him against swimming in river.

他們告戒他不要在那條河里游泳。

④The weather station warned that a storm was coming.

氣象臺預報有暴風雨來臨。

8．as的用法

as可以作連詞、介詞及關系代詞。現將as的用法小結。如下：

1)作連詞：

(1)作“當……的時候”解，引起時間狀語從句，與while相近，強調兩個動作同時發生，或某事一發生，另一事立即發生。例如：

①As she sang, the tears ran down her cheeks.

她一邊唱歌，一邊流淚。

②I startled as he opened the door.

他一開門，我嚇了一跳。

(2)作“因為”，“由于”解，引起原因狀語從句，與because相近。例如：

①I must stop writing now，as I have rather a lot of work to do.

我必須停筆了，因為我還有許多工作要做。

②As Jim liked walking, we started off on foot.

因為吉姆喜歡走路，所以我們就步行出發了。

(3)作“如”，“像”解，引起方式狀語從句，或比較狀語從句。例如：

①You should do as the teacher tells you to do.

你應該像教師教你的那樣去做。(方式狀語)

②He speaks English just as Americans do.

他說英語就像美國人說英語一樣。(方式狀語)

③The weather was not so wet as it is today.

過去的天氣不像現在這樣潮濕。(比較狀語)

④The Christmas tree is almost as tall as the room.

這棵圣誕樹差不多同這間房子一般高。(比較狀語)

▲另外，經常用在 as…as possible的結構中。例如：

⑤Read the story as quickly as possible.(” Read the story as quickly as you can.)盡快地閱讀這篇故事。

⑥They watered the trees as often as possible. (”They watered the trees as often as they could.)

他們盡可能經常給樹澆水。

2)用作介詞：

(1)作“如”，“像”解，引起方式狀語從句，或比較狀語從句。例如：

①They got united as one man.

他們團結得像一個人一樣。

②She spoke of me as her dearest friend.

她談起我來就像我是她最親密的朋友似的。

(2)作“充當”，“作為”解。例如：

③He was famous as a soldier.

作為軍人，他很有名望。

④English is spoken as the first language by most people in Australia.

在澳大利亞，大多數人把英語作為第一語言。

3)用作關系代詞：在“the same as”和 as follows這類結構中的as都是作關系代詞。

9．as，when與while的用法區別

1)while常表示一段較長時間或一個過程，強調主句謂語動詞與從句謂語動詞同時發生。例如：

①Work while you work. Play while you play.

工作時工作，玩耍時玩耍。

2)when當……時候，可以指較短的(一點)時間，也可指一段時間。例如：

①When the clock struck twelve, all the lights in the streets were still on.

鐘敲十二時，街上所有的燈仍亮著。

②When he was at college, he studied hard.

他在大學時，學習很努力。

3)as當……時候，強調主句和從句的動作同時發生，經常翻譯為“一面……一面……”。例如：

①The students sang the English song as they went along.

學生們邊走邊唱那首英語歌曲。

10．noise，voice和 sound的用法區別

1)sound作“聲音”解，可以指一切聲音。如：

①He heard a strange sound from behind.

他聽到背后有一個奇怪的聲音。

②It was such a weak sound that we could hardly hear it.

它是那么微弱的聲音，我們幾乎聽不到。

③Can you hear a sharp sound from a long distance?

你聽到遠處的尖叫聲了嗎？

④The beautiful sound of music moved him greatly.

優美的音樂深深地感動了他。

2)noise(”loud and unpleasant sound)意為“噪聲”。

特指不悅耳的聲音。它即可用作可數名詞，也可用作不可數名詞。例如：

①Noise is another kind of pollution.

噪音是另外一種污染。

②The people who usually hear very loud noises have their hearing hurt.

經常聽很大噪音人的聽力受到了傷害。

3)voice作“聲音”解時，多指人發出的聲音。例如：

①Don't shout at the top of your voice.

不要可著喉嚨高喊。

②They didn't recognize my voice on the telephone.

他們在電話中沒有聽出我的聲音。

③Do you know the girl who has a sweet voice?

你認識那位聲音很甜美的姑娘嗎？

重要詞組短語

1．the other day(” a few days ago)意為“前幾天”。例如：

①They sent me a letter from abroad the other day.

前幾天他們給我從國外發來了一封信。

②The other day, when I was walking along the street, I met one of my old school friends.

前幾天當我在街上散步的時候，我遇見了我的一個老校友。

2．think of意為“想到，記得；思考，關心”。例如：

①Who first thought of the idea?

誰先想到那個主意的？

②All at once he thought of a way.

他突然想到一個辦法。

③I was thinking of this when I heard my name called.

我正想著這些的時候，聽到(老師)叫我的名字。

④He had us in mind all the time and we thought of him constantly.

他時刻關懷著我們，我們也經常惦念著他。

3．go +doing結構表示“去干某事”的意思，多指從事與體育、娛樂有關的活動。例如：

go boating 去劃船

go climbing去等山

go fishing 去釣魚

go hunting去打獵

go dancing去跳舞

go swimming去游泳

go shopping去買東西

go walking去散步

4．30cm by 30cm by 50cm是體積的表示法，也可以寫成30cm×30cm×50cm。乘號(×)讀作by。介詞 by在這里表示相乘以計面積或體積。例如：

①They have built a bird cage 2m×3m×5m.

他們做了一個2米寬3米長5米高的鳥籠。

②I want a piece of paper 3 inches by 5 inches.

我想要一張3英寸寬5英寸長的紙。

③The room is forty feet by twenty.

房間長40英尺寬20英尺。

5．turn off 意為“關掉(電燈、水源、煤氣等)”。例如：

①Make sure to turn off the lights before you leave the office.

在你離開辦公室之前，一定要關掉電燈。

②Please turn off the water．請把自來水關上。

6．“be about to + 不定式”結構表示“即刻就要發生/做的事”。例如：

①They were about to start when it rained.

他們剛要出發，天就下起雨來。

②We are about to attend a meeting.

我們將要參加會議。

【注意】在這種結構中，不能用表示時間的副詞來修飾，若說成：I am about to leave next week.則是錯誤的，應去掉修飾詞 next week。

7．at that very moment中的very是形容詞，用來加強語氣，意為“正好”、“就在”。例如：

①That's the very thing I need.

那正是我需要的東西。

②The hotel stands in the very centre of the town.

那家飯店位于城市的正中心。

③He did it under my very eyes.

他就是在我的眼皮底下干這件事。

8．held one's breath 意為“(由于緊張、激動、害怕等)屏住氣，不出聲”。例如：

①The audience held their breath when the prizes were to be given.

在頒獎之前，觀眾都緊張得屏住了氣。

②We held our breath at the exciting news.

聽到這一令人興奮的消息時，我們都屏住了氣。

9．“go + adj．”表示“轉變成……”，go是連系動詞，作“變得”解。這個結構常表示情況變壞。例如：

①The machines go wrong.

機器出了毛病。

②He went almost mad when he heard the news.

他聽到這個消息時幾乎發瘋了。

③His illness is going worse.

他的病情正在惡化。

10．run out of sth.

run out of sth．意為“(供應品)用完、耗盡；(人)用完”。

①The petrol is running out.

汽油快用光了。

②We are running out of time.

我們剩下的時間不多了。

③Could I have a cigarette? I seem to have run out of them.

給我一支煙好嗎？我的煙已經抽完了。

11．so as to/in order to常用來表示目的，構成動詞不定式短語，其否定形式是so as not to/in order not to。例如：

①He got up very early so as to catch the first bus.

他起的很早，以便趕上第一班公共汽車。

②He worked very hard in order to catch up with the top student in our class.

他工作很努力，以便趕上我班最好的同學。

③I'm going to make an early start so as not to get stuck in the traffic.

我要早點動身，以免碰上交通堵塞。

④He came in quietly in order not to wake his wife.

他輕輕地進來，為了不把他妻子吵醒。

12．attract one's attention意為“引起某人的注意”。例如：

①What I said didn't attract his attention.

我所說的話沒有引起他的注意。

②Heze peony flowers attract many foreigners' attention.

菏澤牡丹吸引了眾多外賓的注意力。

13．before long(” soon)意為“不久”，既可與過去時連用，也可與將來時連用；long before中 before若作副詞，long before(”long ago)意為“很久以前”，常與過去時連用。例如：

①I'll be seeing you before long.

不久，我就會見到你。

②He left Wuhan long before.

他很久以前就離開了武漢。

③It will be long before he arrives.

還要很久，他才能到達。(本句中before為連詞。)

14．a sleeping lion意為“睡獅”。其中sleeping為動詞-ing形式，用作定語，相當于定語從句(” a lion that is sleeping)。又如：

①Let the sleeping dog lie.

讓睡覺的狗躺著。(或：不要惹是生非。)

②He entered the room quietly so as not to wake the sleeping child.

他靜靜地走進了房間，以便不驚醒睡覺的孩子。

【常用句型結構】

1．句型“the +形容詞比較級，the +形容詞比較級”意思是“越……越……”。例如：

①The more you listen to English, the easier it becomes.

你越聽英語，它變的越容易。

②The more you learn, the more you want to learn.

你越學越想學。

③The bigger the computer is, the more expensive it is.

電腦越大，就越昂貴。

④The harder the work is, the more interesting I find it.

工作越難我覺得越有意思。

2．It is + adj．+(或for sb．)to do sth．可看作一個句型，其中it為形式主語。真正的主語為動詞不定式短語或動詞不定式復合結構。例如：

①It is very important for us to learn English well.

對我們來說學好英語很重要。

②It was impossible for people on the floors above to escape.

對樓上的人來說，要逃掉是不可能的。

3．目的狀語從句總結

1)目的狀語從句的關聯詞有so，so that，in order that等。

目的狀語從句常用情態動詞may(might)，有時亦用shall(should)和will(would)，亦可用can(could)。

①I'll ring him up at once so he shouldn't wait for me.

我馬上給他掛電話，讓他別等我了。

②He drew a plan of the village so that she could find his house easily.

他畫了一張村子的草圖，以便她會容易找到他的房子。

③I lent him ￡500 in order that he might go for a holiday.

我借給他500英鎊，讓他去度假。

2)so that和 in order that引導的目的狀語從句被強調時，可置于句首。

①So that the coming generation can learn the martial arts, he has recently devoted much time to writing books on the subject.

為了下一代能夠學會這些武術，他近來花了許多時間著書立說。

②In order that the grass and flowers could bloom again, it was necessary that the rocks should be removed.

為了讓這些花草能再開花，這些石頭必須搬走。

3)in case，for fear(that)也可以引導目的狀語從句，但有否定意義，意謂“以免，以防”。

①Take your umbrella，in case it rains.

帶上傘，以防下雨。

②He took an umbrella with him for fear it might rain.

他帶了一把傘，以防下雨。