在英語語法中，掌握好動詞的用法是最重要的，而非謂語動詞又是動詞中非常重要的一部分，由于它們內容多，有些用法相似，所以不好掌握，經常被混淆用錯，下面通過列表比較的方式，分析非謂語動詞的主要用法。
非謂語動詞和謂語動詞的相對時間關系
非謂語動詞 相對謂語動詞的時間意義 例句
一般式不定式 說明行為在謂語動詞所表示的行為之后，多數是那些表愿望的詞：want; hope; expect; wish等。 I want to go home.
I hope to see you.
說明行為與謂語動詞表示的行為同時發生，多數是那些省略不定式符號的詞，一般是復合賓語。 I saw him come in.
He helped him (to) carry things.
一般式動名詞 表示動作與謂語動詞表示的動作同時發出。 We enjoyed seeing the film.
I am thinking of taking over the job.
在動詞insist on; rely on; count on(相信)等后表示動作在謂語動詞表示的動作之后發生。 He insisted on doing that work
在有些明確表示時間先后的動詞和介詞on; upon after代替完成動名詞表示的動作在謂語動詞表示的動作先發生。 I remember seeing him before.
On arriving Beijing, he went to see his friend.
一般式分詞 現在分詞 持續性動詞 說明分詞表示的動作和句中謂語動詞表示的動作同時發生。 He stood there speaking.
Holding a book under his arm, he entered the room.
終止性動詞 說明分詞表示的動作發生之后，句中謂語動詞表示的動作立刻發生。 Entering the room, I found nobody in.
Turning to the right, you will find the post office.
過去分詞 持續性動詞
通常說明分詞表示的動作，此句中謂語動詞表示的動作先發生。 Written in simple English, the book is easy to read.
I can't find my lost pen.
說明分詞表示的動作和句中謂語動詞表示的動作并無先后。 He is a person well-known in this country.
代替完成式現在分詞的被動語態。 Educated by the party, he became a brave fighter.
完成式不定式 說明行為動詞在謂語動詞表示的行為動詞之前發生。 I'm sorry to have troubled you.
He is said to have come here.
He is thought to have done it.
He is believed to have done it.
He seemed to have known it.
在wish, hope, expect, intend, mean, suppose等動詞過去時后，說明行為動詞沒有實現。 We wished to have done this.
I expected to have left by then.
(=I had expected to heave by then.)
完成式動名詞 說明動名詞表示的動作，此句中動詞表示的動作先發生。 We regret having told you the news.
After having finished his work, he went home.
He denied having broke the glasses.
完成式分詞 說明分詞表示的動作，此句中謂語動詞表示的動作先發生。多數表示一些瞬時間動詞。如果是hear; see或表示位置轉移的動詞arrive; leave; turn; open.不用完成時 Having finished his work, he went home.
Sitting down with him, we begun to discuss it.
Hearing this, he rose and went to the door.
二．非謂語動詞的被動語態
1. 非謂語動詞被動語態的意義
非謂語動詞 意義和用法 例句
不定式 表示被動的意義 The meeting is to be held next week.
He wanted to be sent to the hard area.
有時主動形式表示被動的意義，同被動沒什么區別，具有“應該”．“值的”的意思。不定式是主語的承受者，但有時作某些形容詞的賓語， 如：nice, easy, hard, difficult, fit, suitable, good, heavy, comfortable, cheap等。 The box is not strong enough to stand this.
It's too small to see.
There is a lot of work to do
The house is to let at low rent.
I am not to blame.
Houses are still to seek.
Much remains to do.
The text is hard to learn.
動名詞 表示被動的意義 He insisted on being sent to the hard area.
在動詞need, require等的主動語態和形容詞worth后, 表示被動的意義 My watch needs repairing.
The book is worth reading.
分詞 現在分詞 表示被動的意義 The building being built is a school.
Not having been told, he didn't know where to start.
過去分詞 表示被動的意義 Heated, the metal expands.
2. 一般現在分詞，完成的現在分詞和過去分詞表示被動意義的區別
非謂語動詞 意義和用法 例句
一般式現在分詞 含有具體的意義，說明和句中謂語動詞表示的動作同時發生，一般是持續性動詞 The person being criticized is our monitor.
完成式分詞 表示動作狀態比句中謂語動作先發生，一般是瞬間動詞 Not having been told about it, I don't know how to do it.
過去分詞 具有一船的意義，強調事實，說明比句中謂語動詞表示的動作先發生，有時同完成式的被動詞態可互換。 Given more time, (=Having been given) I can do it much better.
三．非謂語動詞的句法作用
1. 非謂語動詞的句法作用一覽表
非謂語動詞
句子成分 不定式 動名詞 分詞
主語 √ √
賓語 直接賓語 √ √
短語動詞賓語 √ √
賓語補語 √ √ √
介詞賓語 √
形容詞賓語 √ √
表語 √ √ √
定語 √ √ √
狀語 √ √
同謂語 √ √
插入語 √ √
2. 非謂語動詞作主語
非謂語動詞 意義和用法 例句
不定式 動詞不定式表示比較具體的意義，經常和特定的動作和執行者聯系起來，經常帶時間或地點狀語，有時表示將要發生的動作。 To master a foreign language is no easy job.
To do it well is my earnest desire
To see this film is to waste time.
To solve this problem is out of the question
動詞不定式（短語）作主語時，常見的另一種形式是在句首用先行代詞it作形式主語，而將動詞不定式（短語）移到謂語之后作真正主語。用于這種形式是一些特定形容詞，動詞和名詞 1)形容詞作表語（常見的形容詞有：important, difficult, easy hard possible）
It is foolish to act in this way.
It sounds reasonable to do it this way.
It appears likely for them to arrive.
2) 動詞作謂語（常見的動詞有：require, cost, amuse, delight, irritate, annoy
It took much time to do this.
It makes us excited to think about that.
It needed hard work to finish the job.
It does no good to say like that.
It didn't occur to me to ask him to help me.
3)名詞作表語
It seems a pity to waste them.
It is a great pleasure to do this
It is a good idea to think this way.
動名詞 動名詞表求比較抽象（一般）和經常性的意義，有時可同不定式互換 Collecting stamps is a good hobby.
Swimming is a best sport in summer.
There is no telling what will happen.
There is no denying the fact.
There is no need informing him of it.
動名詞短語作主語時，常見的另一種形式是在句首用先行代詞it作形式主語面將動名詞短語移至謂語之后作真實主語。用于這種形式是一些特定形容詞和名詞 1)形容詞作表語(常見的形容詞有：enjoyable, good, hard, worthwhile)
It is nice talking to you.
It's foolish behaving like that.
It is useless doing that
2)名詞作表語
It's waste of time doing this. It's no good (use) doing that.
It's an awful job doing this. It's fun doing this
It is not an easy task doing this work.
3. 非謂語動詞作賓語
成分 非謂語動詞 意義和用法 例句
直接賓語 不定式 不定式的邏輯主語一般同謂語動詞的主語一致 I want to read a novel.
用于該形式的常見的動詞有：afford, agree, aim, apply, arrange, ask, choose, claim, decide, decline, demand, desire, determine, expect, hope, learn, manage, offer, pretend, promise, refuse, seek, swear, threaten, wish.
有時賓語省略不定式符號(常見的有：let fall, let pass, let go, let slip, 'd better, 'd rather, 'd soon,
He made believe he was correct.
動詞不定式（短語）作賓語時，如其后有補足語，則可以用先行語it作形式賓語，而將動詞不定式（短語）后移作直接賓語 He found it necessary to work hard at English.
用于該形式的常見的動詞有：acknowledge, believe, consider, count, declare, deem, deny, esteem, fancy, feel, find, guess, imagine, judge, know, make, prove, realize, report, see, show, suppose, suspect, take(think), understand, think.
動名詞 動名詞的邏輯主語有時同謂語動詞的主語不一致 Do you mind my smoking?
動名詞（短語）作賓語時，如其后有補足語則可以用先行詞it作形式賓語，而將動名詞短語后移作直接賓語 We found it troublesome solving this problem.
We consider it worthwhile spending some time on this.
有一類動詞后面必須跟動名詞 We enjoyed staying there.
常見的動詞有：admit, abhor, acknowledge, advise, advocate, avoid, confess, consider, contemplate, defer, delay, deny, discontinue, excuse, evade, fancy, finish, imagine, include, involve, justify, keep(on), mind, necessitate, pardon, postpone, practise, renounce, resent, facilitate, favor, miss, resist.
有一類動詞后面可跟動名詞也可以跟不定式 1) 意義區別不大。
He began learning (to learn) English at the age of five. 常見的動詞有：start, like, hate, love, continue, prefer, commence, attempt, intend, propose, decline, endure, neglect, omit, recollect, recall, bear.
2) 意義有區別
a) remember doing sth 記住做過某事。remember to do sth 記住要做某事。
b) forget doing sth 忘記做過某事。forget to do sth 記住要做某事。
c) regret doing sth 遺憾做過某事。regret to do sth 遺憾要做某事。
d) try doing sth 試著做某事。try to do sth 努力做某事。
e) mean doing sth 意旨做某事。mean to do sth 打算做某事。
f) stop doing sth 停止做某事。stop to do sth 停下來做某事。
g) can't help doing sth 忍不住做某事。 can't help to do sth 不能幫做某事。
h) go on doing sth 繼續做某事。 go on to do sth 接著做另一事。
短語動詞賓語 動名詞 這一類多是動詞和小品詞構成的短語 He insisted on doing that.
常見的短語有：stand up, leave off, put off, give up, can't help(stand)
不定式 這一類多數是一些特定的用法。 He is about to leave. He did nothing but play.
'd rather do sth, 'd better do sth, 'd like/love to do sth,
賓語賓補 不定式 強調動作發生的事實、將要和應該做的事 We saw him come in. I asked him to help me.
I helped him (to) learn English.
He arranged for me to stay there.
常見的動詞有：
1)省略不定式符號的動詞：make, let, have, see, hear, notice, watch, observe, listen to, look at
2)表示“致使”意義的動詞：advice, cause, allow, ask, beg, drive, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, intend, invite, permit, persuade, remind, teach, tell, trust, urge, want, warn
3)表示心理狀態的動詞：consider, declare find, prove, think, know, believe, discover, feel, imagine, judge, suppose, understand.
4)短語動詞 arrange for, prepare for, provide for, ask for, care for, long for, wait for, vote for, call on, rely on, depend on, count on
動名詞 說明實際的情況，這種形式數量不多。 We call this process testing.
We know of the earth behaving as a large magnet.
分詞
現在分詞
強調動作進行的過程 I found him coming in.
He kept him waiting outside.
如謂語動詞是被動語態的形式，這時分詞成了主語補語，分詞形式不變。
He was seen coming in
過去分詞 表示動作已完成，同賓語是被動關系，說明動作在謂語動詞表示的動作之前。
have (get) 表示的動作往往表示別人完成，有時這個動作可能由主語完成 We found him tied to the tree.
I had my hair cut.
I can't get this motor started.
如謂語動詞是被動語態的形式，這時分詞成了主語補語，分詞形式不變。
He was found tied to the tree.
介詞賓語 不定式 這一類多是一些特定的形式， I hardly remember what I did besides read.
He had nothing in mind except to work hard.
It is better to do some work than to spend the time idly.
There is no way out than climb the cliff.
動名詞 這一類數量較多。 I'm afraid of making mistakes while speaking English.
He enjoys doing nothing but talking with her.
On (as soon as he arrived) arriving, he came to see his friend.
In (while) doing this, he learned a lot.
常見的短語：look forward to, be used to, object to, prefer doing sth to doing sth
形容詞賓 不定式 這一類有些語法家也認為是這些形容詞的原因狀語。
I am glad to see you.
常見的形容詞有：cross, angry, context, furious, happy, impatient, curious, proud, sorry, thankful, free, grateful, keen, anxio7us, eager, pone, ready, reluctant, willing, humble, jealous, miserable, (un)able, lucky，sad
這一類有些語法家也認為是這些形容詞的原因狀語。
I am surprised to see you.
常見的過去分詞有：annoyed, ashamed, astonished, bored, concerned, amazed, confused delighted, determined, disappointed, disgusted, displeased, dissatisfied, distressed, embarrassed, excited, fascinated, inclined, overjoyed, overwhelmed, pleased, prepared, puzzled, qualified, worried, offended, scared, thrilled, vexed
動名詞 這一類多是一些特定的用法。 The tree seems like trembling.
The book is worth reading.
He is busy working.
4. 非謂語動詞作表語
非謂語動詞 意義和用法 連系動詞 例句
不定式 表示具體的動作，表示打算、計劃、命令和要求等意義 有時可用appear, seem, happen等作連系動詞 To see is to believe. Seeing is believing.(一般同主語的形式一直)
What I wanted to do is write it down.
The only thing you can do is wait and see.
How am I to pay such a debt?
Such questions are to be avoided.
He was never to see his friend again.
What he said proved to be true.
He seems to be ill.
常作主語的名詞有：aim, ambition, duty, hope, idea, intention, mistakes, plan, purpose, suggestion.
動名詞 相當于名詞，說明主語動作的情況和狀態。 一般是be What like best is swimming in the sea.
My job is teaching English
(My job is to teach them to learn English.)
Seeing is believing.
有時同不定式可以互換
Our duty is serving the people.
Our duty is to serve the people.
分詞 現在分詞 相當于形容詞，說明主語動作性質的。一般分詞后不再接任何成份 有時可用become ; get等 It is annoying that the meeting should be put off.
常見作表語的現在分詞有：amusing, boring, charming, comforting, confusing, disappointing, discouraging, disturbing, embarrassing, exciting, pleasing, fascinating, interesting, inviting, missing, obliging, promising, puzzling, shocking, striking, surprising.
過去分詞 相當于形容詞說明主語動作的性質或狀態，一般后面帶介詞短語，有些形容詞化的過去分詞前可加very. 有時可用become ; get ;remain ; appear ; seem; fell; go; look等動詞 He remained puzzled. He appeared satisfied with that.
My work is finished. My watch is gone.
常見的過去分詞有：1)常見帶介詞about分詞： annoyed, concerned, excited, pleased, puzzled, shocked, worried 2) 常見帶介詞at分詞： amazed, amused, annoyed, astonished, delighted, disappointed, disgusted, displeased, dissatisfied, excited, offended, overjoyed, pleased, shocked, surprised, 3) 常見帶介詞against分詞： arranged, prepared, irritated, arranged 4) 常見帶介詞for分詞： celebrated, concerned, destined, disqualified, noted, prepared, pressed, qualified. 5) 常見帶介詞in分詞： absorbed, celebrated, concerned, disappointed, delighted, dressed, embarrassed, engaged, entangled, experienced, interested lost, 6) 常見帶介詞on分詞： founded, based, bent, set 7) 常見帶介詞to分詞： abandoned, accustomed, acquainted, addicted, adapted, committed, dedicated, destined, devoted, doomed, engaged, entitled, exposed, known, lost, opposed, related, inclined, married 8) 常見帶介詞with分詞：annoyed, bored, concerned, delighted, disappointed, discontented, disgusted, displeased, dissatisfied, equipped, excited, occupied, obsessed, pleased, pressed, satisfied, socked, stunned, surrounded loaded, tormented, torture
5. 非謂語動詞作定語
非謂語動詞 位置 意義和用法 例句
不定式 動詞不定式必須放在所修飾詞（名或代）后 表示將要發生，應該做的動作，說明動作在謂語動詞表示動作之后，具有形容詞性質。 I have much work to do.
He has no place to live in.
有時根據意思的需要加介詞，這時介詞不能省略，因被修飾的名詞是它的賓語。
動名詞 動名詞放在在所修飾的詞前 說明所修飾詞的性質，具有名詞的性質，它同所修飾的名詞間不存在什么主謂關系 He looked me with questioning eyes.
a living room.
一般形式 分詞 現在分詞 在所修飾詞前，有些放在所修飾詞后 說明正在進行的動作，同它所修飾的動作存在著邏輯主謂關系 a sleeping boy, on the day following, for years running
過去分詞 在所修飾詞前，有些放在所修飾詞后 表示被動的意思，多數不及物動詞的過去分詞不能用作定語，只有少數表示動作改變的動詞表示在謂詞動詞動作之前完成 a lost child, a fallen leaf, retired workers, faded flowers
We have no time left.
Fill the blanks with the words given.
短語 不定式 放在所修飾詞后 一般表示要做和應該做的動作。 1.He is the first one to come this morning. 2.I have a lot of housework to do at home. 3.There is a lot of work to do in the company. 4.He didn't have the chance to go to school in the past.
1)一般所修飾詞是抽象名詞agreement, attempt, claim, decision, decisive, determination, failure, hope, intention, need, plan, promise, refused, resolution, tendency, threat, wish
2)說明被修飾詞內容的名詞
campaign, chance, courage, efforts, evidence, fight, news, measures, move, movement, opportunity, position, power, reason, right, skill, strength, struggle, means
3)跟不定式作狀語的形容詞生成轉化來的抽象名
ability, ambition, anxiety, curiosity, eagerness, impatience, reluctance, willingness
分詞 放在所修飾詞后 現在分詞短語有動作進行之意。
過去分詞短語有被動之意。 The bird singing in the tree is very beautiful.
This is the bird shot by the boy.
My brother, working in the south will be coming in a few days.
6. 非謂語動詞作狀語
非謂語動詞 意義和用法 例句
不定式 表示目的，很常用。 He went home to see his mother.
He came to ask a question.
He got up early in order to (so as to) have time to study.
表示結果，很常用。 She says so well as to bring down the house.
Will you be so good as to tell him this?
He is not old enough to do this.
He is too excited to speak anything.
表示原因， He laughed to see them fall down.
He wept to hear the news.
表示選擇和比較 She opened her lips as through to speak
He would die rather than give in.
表示條件 To hear him talk, you would think he was tiring.
分詞 表示時間，相當于表示時間，相當于狀語從句when, while。 He went through the papers while having breakfast.
Since leaving school, I met him only once.
常用于這些連詞后when, before, while, after, since
表示原因，有時同用作時間狀語的分詞難以分清，相當于原因狀語從句because, since, for 和 as。 Being ill, he didn't come.
Not understanding this, he asked the teacher about it.
表示條件，相當于條件狀語從句if。 Given more time, I can finish the work.
We'll not attack unless attacked.
Working hard, you'll succeed.
表示讓步，相當于讓步狀語從句 though, although。 Though warned of the danger, he still went skating on the thin ice.
表示結果，相當于結果狀語從句，這種分詞前通常有thus 或thereby。 Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay.
表示方式或伴隨情況，分詞短語沒有相當的狀語從句，漢譯時一般譯成并列復合句 They shook hands, smiling at each other.
The children ran out of the room, laughing and talking merrily.
He lay on his back, his legs drawn up.
He made the boy sit there, promising they would not hurt him.
表示方式 He sat there, as though waiting.
7. 非謂語動詞作同謂語
非謂語動詞 意義和用法 例句
不定式 不很常用
He has written two articles for the journal, one to be published in this issue, the other to come out in the next.
動名詞 不很常用 I saw many people in the room, some talking, some listening.
His chief hobby, sailing a boat, cost him most of his salary.
8. 非謂語動詞作插入語
非謂語動詞 意義和用法 例句
不定式 多是一些特定的短語 To tell you the truth, to be fair, to be frank, to be short, to be sure, to be honest, to begin with, to cut a long story short, to be exact, so to speak
To tell you the truth, I don' t know computers very well.
動名詞 多是一些特定的短語 Generally speaking, frankly speaking, strictly speaking.
Generally speaking, his work is successful.
四. 非謂語動詞的特殊形式
形式 非謂語動詞 意義和用法 例句
復合結構 不定式 for sb to do sth這種結構可用先行代詞it作形式主語面將該結構后移作真正主語。 It is impossible for me to do this.
It is for you to decide.
It is time for us to do this.
There is a lot of work for us to do.
I'd like you to do it.
常引導該形式的形容詞有：dangerous, easy, useful, hard, difficult, strange, astonishing, pleasant, fortunate lucky, necessary, reasonable, right, wrong, natural, interesting.
with+名詞或代詞 to do sth的復合結構表示將要發生的動作 I feel quite easy, with her to help me.
It (That) is +形容詞 of to do sth. 表示性格特征，行為表現。 It kind of you to help me.
常引導該形式的形容詞有：absurd, bold, brave, careful, careless, cruel, considerate, clever, cunning, clumsy, decent, foolish, good, honest, impudent, naughty, nice, polite, right, rude, silly, splendid, wise, wrong, wonderful, thoughtful.
send, bring, take 等動詞表目的時，可帶出自己的邏輯主語。 The king sent the official to have a look.
動名詞 動名詞之前的名詞，如果是有生命的，通常用所屬格表示，如果是無生命的，則用通格表示，現在有一種趨勢用名詞和代詞代替所有格。 His coming won't help much.
I don't mind your (you) smoking.
They insisted on our staying there.
We are happy about his coming to see us.
Do you remember Mary coming to see you?
I objected to you smoking here.
分詞
分詞短語作狀語時，一船沒有自己的主語，其邏輯主語就是整個句子的主語，但有時分詞短語可以有自己的主語，由名詞和代詞表示放在分詞短語之前，它們存在著邏輯主謂關系 He stood there with his hand rising (raised).
We walked in, he leading the way.
Greeting being over, they got down to business.
He cried suddenly, tears rolling down his checks.
His leg being badly hurt, he had to sty in bed.
There being nobody in the room, we didn't go in.
無主語句子 不定式 多用于否定形式。 Why stay in the room? Why not ask the teacher?
動名詞 征求別人意見。 What about playing basketball?
How about going to see a film?
感嘆句 不定式 多表示要發生的事。 To think how I started!
To invite him! You are asking for trouble.
分詞 表示的意義根據句子而定。 Going to Beijing! What for?
Finished my book! I have just started.
其它形式 不定式 相當語這些疑問代詞和副詞引導的從句。 What to do next has not been decided.
What worries me most is how to do it
I don't know how to leave.
We are seeking the way in which to make the work easy.
It is not yet decided whether to discuss this.
常見引導該形式的動詞有：decide, find out, forget, inquire, know, learn, remember, see, settle, think, understand, wonder
分裂式不定式，被副詞分開。 He wants to really know this.
動名詞 用do和go構成的短語。 Go shopping, (hunting, fishing, swimming, walking, dancing, skating, skiing)
Do some reading (shopping, sewing, washing)
分詞 懸浮式分詞, 可以和主句的主語不一致。 1) admitting that…, supposing that…, provided (that)…, regarding, seeing that…, concerning that…, granted…, owing to dangle
2) talking about…, judging from..
Judging from his clothes, he is a doctor.
五. 非謂語動詞的否定形式
形式 非謂語動詞 位置 例句
一般形式 不定式 放在不定式符號前，如果是省略不定式形式放在動詞前 I want not to go home. I let him not go home.
He promises never to go there again.
He got up early so as not to (in order not to) miss the train.
動名詞 放在動名詞前 Excuse me for not coming earlier.
分詞 放在分詞前 Not knowing this, he didn't come.
Not having told when to start, he came late.
特殊形式 不定式 主動形式否定意義 He was too excited to speak.
動名詞 no和without引導的短語 No smoking. He left without saying good-bye
英語中將來時的表示形式
表示將要發生的動作和狀態在英語中用將來時，將來時在英語中有多種表達形式，為了掌握它們的區別和用法，下面筆者對它們進行分類總結。
形式 動作行為 時間發生 語氣和情態 意義和用法 例句
will/shall +v 主觀或客觀 近期或遠期 含有情態的色彩（意想，決心）， 表示在將來某一時間會發生或經常發生的動作或存在的狀態。可用于表示不以人們的意志為轉移的事。 Tomorrow will be Sunday.
Tom will be 20 next year.
Will you go to the party tonight?
to be going to +v 主觀 近期 主語的意圖 表示即將發生的事或最近打算進行的動作。多用于口語中，表示說話者的意圖，推測和打算，可表示自然和生理現象。 I think it is going to rain.
She is going to have a baby.
They are going to get married next week.
The bridge is going to collapse.
be +ving 客觀 近期 較婉轉 表示按計劃和安排即將發生的動作。動詞多是一些“來去”移動詞，如：go, come, leave, start, move, sail, arrive, reach, stop, return, stay, drive, travel, remain, land等。 President is speaking on the air tonight.
He is leaving for Beijing tomorrow.
The plane is landing soon..
to be to +v 客觀或主觀 近期或遠期 職責和義務 表示按計劃，安排即將要發生的動作， 或征求對方的意見或表示命令。受人們的意志所支配。比較正式。 Am I to go on with the work？
We are to turn out 10000 cars next year.
You are to take the trip.
v 客觀 近期 表示根據規定或時刻預計要發生的動作或狀態。一般有時間狀語， 強調動作是不可改變的，動詞多是那些表“來去”“起止”的動詞，如：arrive, begin, close, come, depart, dine, end, go, leave, meet, open, part, stat, sail, stay, stop, return等，可用表狀態的"be"，表示年齡和日期。一般用于肯定句。 The plane leaves at six.
This term starts on 1st September.
Tomorrow is Saturday.
I am fifty in May.
will/shall be+ving 客觀或主觀 近期或遠期 語氣婉轉，沒有情態的色彩 表示將要發生的動作，有弦外之意，表示事情的正常進程，在計劃之中。 I will be seeing him this morning.（Do you want me to do something for you.）
I don't think I will be using that book next week.
When will you be seeing the president？
to be about to+v 主觀或客觀 近期 表示將要發生的動作。一般不帶表示將來的時間狀語。 They are about to leave.
Autumn harvest is about to start.