Lesson 89

Teaching objectives and demands:

1. After learning the dialogue, the students are required to mater the following words and useful expressions: dial; excellent; have…on; get together; chat; all the best; have a word with

2. The students are supposed to use freely the set phrases of making telephone calls.

3. Language use: Manipulate listening, speaking practice

Key points:

1. Everyday English for communication.

2. Words and useful expressions

Teaching procedures:

Step 1. Revision

(1) Check the homework exercises of the previous unit.

(2) Talk about the equipment in a modern office: How many kinds of facilities you may meet in an office?

Step 2. Presentation

SB Page 61, Part 1. Talk about the picture and get s to tell what they think is happening. Then teach the new words dial; chat; excellent if necessary.

Step 3. Listening

Play the tape of Speech Cassette Lesson 89, and tell the students to listen to the tape to answer the following questions (the italic parts are possible answers):

1. Who want to speak to Pippa?

Steve.

2.What was the main idea of the telephone message?

It was about the lecture on Thursday evening.

Step 4. Reading

Read the text and explain the language difficulties if necessary.

(1) I think I dialled the wrong number. 我想我撥錯號了。

dial既是動詞，也是名詞，意為“刻度盤”、“撥號盤”、“撥號打電話”，如：

Please clean the telephone set including the dial.

請將電話機清理一下，包括撥號盤。

Please dial the police station at once.

請立刻給警察局打電話。

dial在構(gòu)成過去式或過去分詞時需寫成dialled，構(gòu)成-ing形式時需寫成dialling。

(2) Would you like a word with her? 你要與她說幾句話嗎?

(have) a word with sb. 與某人說幾句話 speak to/with sb.

May I have a word with your manager?

我能與你們經(jīng)理說幾句話嗎?

Would you like a word with Papa?

你要和爸爸講幾句嗎?

word還可以構(gòu)成一些其它的習語，如：

word for word 逐字地(翻譯)

by word of mouth 口頭地

take sb. at his words 把某人的話信以為真

have the last word 作最后的辯駁

eat one's words 食言

upon my word/my word upon it 我發(fā)誓

in one word 簡言之

in short words 簡言之

in other words 換句話說

(3) I called to ask you if you'd like to come to a lecture on Thursday evening at the college. 我打電話是想問問你是否想來學院聽星期四晚上的一個講座。

① called表示“剛剛打電話”，是過去時間。又如：

I called my husband just now, but he was not in his office.

我剛才給丈夫打了電話，但他不在辦公室。

② come/go to a lecture 意為“來/去聽講座”，也可以用attend a lecture。

③ 注意on Thursday evening中的介詞 on。英語中指某一天的上、下午或夜晚必須用介詞on，如：

I'm coming back on Christmas Eve.

我準備在圣誕節(jié)之夜回家。

He was killed in an accident on the evening of April Fool's Day.

他在愚人節(jié)晚上死于一場事故。

④ at the college是特指彼此心目中都知道的那所學院。如果泛指“在學院”，則常用at college。

Step 5. Oral practice

SB P61, Part 2, get the students to match the 2 halves in pairs and after most of the pairs have finished, call out some of them to yell out to the rest of the class.

Step 6. Workbook

Get the students to do Ex.1 and 2 and then check the answers with the class.

Answers:

Ex.1

1.Could/Can/May I speak to Bill, please There is no Bill here I think I dialled the wrong number

2.Is that Jim This is Peter 　Is Bill there Would you like a word with him; Hold on 　　　　　　　I'll go and get/call him

3.I called to ask you if you have time to visit

9:00 to 11:00 this Friday morning or 1:00 to 4:30 next Tuesday afternoon

Just a minute/moment, please.　　　　　Which time is convenient for you

I have to ring off now. 　　　　　Someone is waiting to use the phone.

Ex.2

1.B；A 　　2.D；C 　　3.E；G 　　4.F

Step 7. Homework

(1) Finish off the exercises of Lesson 81 in the workbook.

(2) Revise the key points of this lesson.

Evaluation of teaching:

Lesson 90 Telephones

Teaching objectives

1. Develop the students’ comprehension of explorative passages, especially their ability of analyzing the structure of such kind of articles.

2. Offer the students chances of self-culture by working in groups and seeking information about the facilities in the offices outside the class.

3. Infuse the students with basic knowledge about the modern office equipment.

4. Learn some words and useful expressions from the text.

Teaching Approach

1.Communicative Approach should be used throughout the class. Stress should be laid on:

2.Learner-centeredness; learning-centeredness

3.Task-based learning

4.Activity-based teaching (class work; individual work; group work)

Teaching type: Reading comprehension

Teaching Procedure

Step 1. Pre-reading Discussion

Lead the students to discuss the facilities in the office. Talk about the use of telephones the duplicating machines and fax machines and so on.

Step 2. Skimming

Tell the students to read the text quickly and answer the following questions:

(1) How was one telephone connected with another in the past?

(2) How is one telephone connected with another today?

Step 3. Listening

Play the tape for the students to following and answer the question: How does a telephone work? Get some students to tell the class their answers.

Step 4. Language points

Now read the text and explain the following language points if necessary.

⑴ How a telephone works is a question not everyone can answer. 電話是如何工作的不是每個人都能回答的。

How a telephone works是主語從句，not everyone can answer是定語從句，修飾a question，中間省略了關(guān)系代詞that/which。參見下面的帶有主語從句的復(fù)合句：

What he said was true. 他所說的是真的。

How he came to the United States was a mystery.

他怎么來到美國無人知曉。

⑵ The earliest telephones were not popular and it took a long time before people began to hire or buy them. 最初的電話并不普及，過了很長時間人們才開始租用或購買它們。

hire意為“租用”、“傭金”，其用法比較簡單，常見的是兩種結(jié)構(gòu)，如：

That is the place where you can hire boats. 那是你們可以租船的地方。

All the hired clerks are to perform their duties well.

所有被雇用的職員應(yīng)該忠于職守。

Have you paid for the hire of the hall? 你們付了會堂租金了嗎?

hire作為“雇用”，其同義詞是employ，反義詞是dismiss和fire，如：

We're going to employ 100 more air hostesses next month.

我們打算了下個月再雇用100名空姐。

He quarreled with the boss, and as a result he was dismissed/fired.

他與老板吵了架，結(jié)果被炒了魷魚。

⑶ In those days, to make a call, you had to wind a handle at the side of your telephone. 那時候為了打電話你得搖動電話機旁的搖柄。

① to make a call是插在時間狀語和主句之間的目的狀語，為了避免累贅，用逗號隔開，也可以將它移到句末。目的狀語修飾句子時常被放在句首或句末，如：

To go to university, he has been studying very hard every day.

Or we may say:

He has been studying very hard to go to university.

為了上大學，他每天都在刻苦學習。

表示目的的方法很多，如：

He reached out for the gun.

他伸出手去夠槍。

Bob bought a camera to take pictures.

鮑勃買了架照相機拍照。

The couple worked day and night so as to pay off their debts.

這對夫婦夜以繼日地工作以償清債務(wù)。

② make a call 打一次電話 place a phone call; call (up) 作動詞時也表示“打電話”，但沒有幾次的概念，因此如果表示具體的一次，或更多的次數(shù)，常常使用make a call/place a phone call，如：

Last night, I made three calls/placed three phone calls to your house, but you were not in. 昨晚我給你家打了三次電話，但你都不在。

表示打電話，還可以用動詞 phone (to)/telephone (to) sb.或phone to/telephone to a place的結(jié)構(gòu)，如：The moment the accident happened, someone phoned to the police station. 事故一發(fā)生，便有人給警察局打電話。

③ wind vt. & vi. 轉(zhuǎn)動；包緊；迂回曲折 wind作為動詞使用時，其過去式或過去分詞有兩種形式，即winded和wound[wu:nd]。如：

My watch has stopped for I didn't wind it last night.

我的手表停了，因為我昨晚沒有上發(fā)條。

She wound a little cat in her arms. 她抱著小貓。

The man is winding in the line. 那男子正在收線(釣魚)。

The winding stairs lead to the top of the tower. 旋轉(zhuǎn)樓梯通向塔頂。

The little river winds its way through our village.

小河彎彎曲曲流過我們村莊。

⑷ There have been great advances in telephone equipment in the last quarter of the twentieth century. 在20世紀的最后25年里電話設(shè)備發(fā)展迅猛。

① 注意與in the last/past+ 時間名詞組成的狀語結(jié)構(gòu)連用時，常用現(xiàn)在完成時，如：Some Asian youths have immigrated to other countries in the past ten years. 在過去的10年里，有些亞洲青年移民他國。

What have you done in the last few months?

你在過去幾個月里干了些什么?

Lots of roads have been rebuilt or widened in the last few years.

過去幾年里許多道路被重建或擴寬。

② advance既是動詞，也是名詞，主要意思是“前進”、“進展”、“進步”等，如：There have been great advances in telecommunications in the 1990's.

在20世紀90年代，電信業(yè)發(fā)展迅猛。

The Austrian soldiers were advancing towards the Italian troops.

奧地利士兵正在向意大利軍隊的陣地逼近。

⑸ The first telephone directory was printed in a town in the USA in 1878. 第一本電話號碼簿于1878年在美國的一座小城里被印刷出來。

① directory n.　姓名住址錄

Can I borrow your telephone directory?

我能借用你的電話號碼簿嗎?

directory由動詞direct派生而來，direct意為“指導(dǎo)”，如：

Can you direct me to the post office?

你能告訴我去郵局怎么走嗎?

② print是一個多義詞，既是動詞，也是名詞， 其主要意思是“印刷”、“印刷品”、“印刷字體”，如：

The child's feet printed the sand. 孩子的腳在沙灘上留下了足跡。

How many copies shall we print off from the negative?

我們用這張底片印幾張照片?

⑹ They need to be strengthened every 3～4km. 每隔3至4千米這些信號便需要被增強。

strengthen意為“增強”、“加強”。它由strength + en構(gòu)成，strength由形容詞strong變化而來。有些形容詞可加-th構(gòu)成名詞，如：

long(長的)-length(長度)

deep(深的)-depth(深度)

broad(廣闊的)-breadth(寬度)

wide(寬的)-width(寬度)

en-前綴或-en后綴和一個形容詞或一個名詞可以構(gòu)成一個及物動詞，如： enrich/richen 使富有

encourage 鼓勵

enable 使……能夠

enforce 加強

sharpen 削尖 → sharpener 削筆刀

broaden/widen 擴寬

deepen 加深

⑺ Redirection. If you are out of the office, you can have all calls redirected to another number. 轉(zhuǎn)移呼叫。如果你不在辦公室，你可以把所有呼叫你的電話轉(zhuǎn)到另一個號碼上去。

redirection來自direction(方向)，意為“轉(zhuǎn)移方向”，而redirect由動詞前綴re-+direct構(gòu)成，意為“重新指向”。direct作為副詞或形容詞意為“直接地”或“直接的”，作為動詞意為“指導(dǎo)”或“指引”，如：

The officer directed his soldiers to charge at the enemy.

那個軍官命令他的士兵們向敵人沖鋒。

Step 5. Discussion

SB P63, Part 2, divide the students into groups or four and get them to discuss the seven questions. If time permits, call out some groups to report to the class.

Step 6. Discussion

SB P63, Part 3, divide the students into groups or four and get them to discuss the two questions as we did in the previous step. If time permits, call out some groups to report to the class.

Step 7. Workbook

Go through the Workbook exercises and check the answers with the students if time permits.

Answers:

Ex.1

1B　　 2.A 　　3.B　　 4.C　　 5.B 　　6.A

Ex.2

1.frequently　　　　　　　2.directly；redirection

3.strength；strengthen　　　　　4.chemistry；chemical

Ex.3

1.A mobile phone can be very useful and convenient. It’s very easy for us to get in touch with others. It helps to shorten the distance between people and helps to strengthen the relation ship between people. It also plays an important part in developing our country's economy. The most important is that it has no limitation of time and place.

　2.A car is useful mainly in transportation. It makes transportation easy and full of fun. It helps to strengthen the relations in a family. It helps the development of the city for its houses can be built far away from the working places. It helps the development of the country's economy, for more cars are sold, the country can get more profit.

　3.A color TV is useful. It helps to widen people's knowledge, it help people to get more information. From it, we can watch a football match without tickets, which we long to watch but there are not enough tickets for all the fans. So is a concert, a film and so on. It helps people to get good relaxation, let people relax in a meaningful way and reduce the crime rate.

　4.A computer is becoming more and more popular. It can help people a great deal in many ways. With a computer, you can do everything without leaving your home, such as shopping, financial management, making friends all over the world, playing games and so on.

Step 8. Homework

(1) Ex.1 & 2 in the Workbook.

(2) Revise the key points of this lesson.

Evaluation of teaching:

Lesson 91 Mobile telephones

Teaching aims and demands

1.The students are asked to master the following words and useful expressions: mobile; smart; cordless; in other words; distant; lately; interrupt; remind; lack; due to; income; announce; sew; bargain; needle; thread

2. Grammar: the students are supposed to use the noun clause collectively.

3. Oral practice: manipulate oral practice relevant to the reading material.

Key points: grammar and useful expressions

Teaching methods: Reading -oral practice----explanation

Teaching procedures:

Step 1. Revision

(1) Check the homework exercises.

(2) Revise the key points of the previous lesson.

Step 2. Presentation

SB P65, Part 1. Tell the students that “Today we ‘re going to read a passage about the mobile phone. Teach the word mobile if necessary or get out a mobile phone and tell the students that we are going to learn something about mobile phone.

Step 3. Reading

Tell the students to read the poem to answer the following questions:

1.What is a mobile phone?

A mobile phone has no wires and can be carried about in your pocket or your bag.

2.What is the difference between a mobile phone and an ordinary phone? 　

A mobile phone can be carried about, while an ordinary phone can’t, for it has wires.

3.What is a cordless phone? 　

A cordless phone also has no wires. It can be useful in the office or the factory. It can't be taken far away from its original place.

4.If you are a businessman, which kind of telephone do you want most? 　

A mobile phone.

5.What can the new model do? Why can it do so?

You don't have to look up the number of the person you want to ring. You say the name the person you want to ring and the phone can recognize the name and dial the number. It can do so because it has a small computer in it.

Step 4. Language points

Tell the students to read the poem and underline the language points. Talk about the language difficulties with the students.

⑴ A mobile phone has no wires and can be carried about in your pocket or your bag. 移動電話沒有導(dǎo)線，你可以放在口袋或提包里攜帶。

mobile意為“可以移動的”，如：

a mobile telephone 一部移動電話

mobile troops 機動部隊

a mobile house 活動房屋

mobile expressions 易變的表情

automobile 小汽車

mobile的名詞形式是mobility，意為“流動性”，“可動性”，如：

Although the salary is fairly large, I dislike the mobility of the job.

盡管薪水相當高，但我不喜歡這種工作的流動性。

⑵ Someone can also ring you, either from a mobile phone or from an ordinary one. 別人也可以用移動電話或普通電話機給你打電話。

either...or... 是并列連詞，注意前后結(jié)構(gòu)必須相對應(yīng)，如果引導(dǎo)并列主語，需采取就近原則。如：

We're planning to go to either Mexico or Cuba to spend the holidays.

我們計劃去墨西哥或者古巴度假。

Either you or I am to go to talk with them.

要么是你，要么是我必須去和他們交涉。

⑶ If you have a cordless phone, you can carry it with you and look up the information that your caller wants.

如果你有一部無繩電話，你就可以隨身攜帶，查詢來電話者所需要的信息。

① cordless adj.　無繩電話 cordless由cord(細繩)加否定后綴-less構(gòu)成，類似的單詞還有：

care(細心)-careless(粗心的)

use(用途)-useless(無用的)

need(需要)-needless(沒有必要的)

② 注意thread, cord, rope的粗細是逐漸增加的，thread表示“細線”，cord表示“細繩”，rope表示“繩子”。

⑷ In other words, you can walk to a distant part of the office or factory to check the information without putting the phone down. 換句話說，你可以到辦公室或工廠的其他地方去核查產(chǎn)品資料而無需將電話擱下。

in other words意為“換句話說”，在句中用作狀語。

⑸ One new model has lately been developed for business people. 最近為業(yè)務(wù)人員研制出一種新機型。

develop的詞尾沒有字母e，書寫時要小心。develop的詞義較多，需根據(jù)上下文去體會，如：

Plants develop from seeds, but many animals developed from eggs.

植物由種子發(fā)育而成，而許多動物由卵子發(fā)育而來。

It is high time that we developed our industry and agriculture.

我們早該發(fā)展工農(nóng)業(yè)了。

In the past fifteen years or so, China has developed into a powerful country.

在過去的15年左右的時間里，中國已經(jīng)發(fā)展成為一個強國。

Have you developed my films yet? 我的膠卷你洗好了嗎?

a developing/advancing country 發(fā)展中國家

a developed/advanced country 發(fā)達國家

⑹ With his phone, you do not have to look up the number of the person you want to ring. 有了這種電話機，你不必查找對方的電話號碼。

look up 查閱；抬頭看

When I went into the room, he did not even look up from his pages.

當我走進房間時，他甚至頭都沒抬一下。

Please look up the number in the telephone directory.

請在電話號碼簿里查閱號碼。

look up后面介詞不同，語義也不同，如：

He said he looked up to Chopin. 他說他崇拜蕭邦。

We looked up at the sky and saw the comet. 我們抬頭看天空，看見了彗星。

Step 5. Oral practice

SB P64, Part 2. Tell the students to work in pairs to make a telephone conversation between two business people using the given phrases and sentences.

Step 6. Practice

Work in pairs to join two parts to make sentences. Tell the students that we are practising the predicative clause. Check the sentences by pick out some eloquent students to yell out their answers.

Step 7. Practice (noun clauses)

主語從句和賓語從句：

① 單個的主語從句作主語時其謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)，兩個或兩個以上的主語從句作主語則用復(fù)數(shù)，如：

What he said was true. 他所說的話是真的。

When and where he was born has not been found out.

他是何時何地出生的，還沒弄清楚。

試比較：

② 注意what和that的區(qū)別。在名詞性從句中，what是代詞，在從句中作主語、賓語或表語。而that只是連詞。如：

What surprised me most was that he had become so old.

最讓我驚訝的是他變的如此蒼老。

(what在主語從句中起主語的作用，而that在后面的表語從句中只是連詞)

③ 注意其他wh-疑問詞和that的區(qū)別。在表示疑問的動詞、形容詞結(jié)構(gòu)后面用wh- 疑問詞，在表示肯定的動詞或形容詞結(jié)構(gòu)后面使用that，如：

I wonder whether it will clear up tomorrow.

我不知道明天是否會轉(zhuǎn)晴。

I'm not certain who will be sent to Belgium. 派誰去比利時，我不清楚。

I'm sure that she will win the championship. 我確信她會得冠軍。

④ 是否用虛擬語氣，是should+ 動詞原形虛擬語氣還是過去式虛擬語氣。 在insist, ask, suggest 后面注意是否是虛擬語氣還是直陳語氣，如：

He insisted that the results were satisfactory.

他堅持說結(jié)果是令人滿意的。

He insisted that I should go to Vienna to study music.

他堅持要我去維也納學習音樂。在表示建議、命令、要求、請求、渴望的動詞和形容詞結(jié)構(gòu)后面使用should+動詞原形，如suggest, propose, order, command, ask(請求)，require, request, demand, be anxious 等等。如：

He suggested that we should hold a press conference.

他建議我們召開記者招待會。

在wish, would rather, it's (high) time 后面使用過去虛擬語氣，如：

I wish I could become a superman. 但愿我能變成超人就好了。

I'd rather you talked with them. 我寧愿你與他們交涉。

It's high time that you worked hard. (該句型也可用should+動詞原形，should不省略) 你早就該用功了。

在表示建議、命令、要求、請求的名詞后面的同位語從句中使用should+動詞原形虛擬語氣，如：

We will discuss your request that your salaries should be raised.

我們將討論你們提高薪水的請求。

Are you in favour of the suggestion that we should build another reservoir?

你贊成我們應(yīng)該再建一座水庫的建議嗎?

一般 should+ 動詞原形的虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)中可以省略should。

SB P65, Part 4, tell the students to fill in the blanks with the words given, and check the answers with the students by picking out some students to yell out their answers.

Step 8. Workbook

Workbook Lesson 91, Ex. 2~3. Get the students to do the three exercises and then check the answers with the students.

Answers:

Ex.2 wires；　　about；　 ring；　　 press；　　put；　　take；　　wherever；　useful；distant；　caller；　developed；With；　　 look 　　ring；　　it；　　　　phone；dials；　　who；　　 forgets；　phone；　　remember

Ex.3 1.what 　　2.how much 　　3.that 　　　4.why 　　5.how 　　6.How many 　　7.Which 8.Who　　　9.Where　　　　10.Whether　 11.Whose

Homework

(1) Finish off the exercises of Lesson 91 in the workbook.

(2) Revise the grammar of noun clauses in this lesson.

Evaluation of teaching:

Lesson 92

Teaching aims and demands

1. Listening practice

2. Grammar: -ing form used as attributive and object complement.

Key points: 1. Useful expressions; 2.listening 3. grammar

Teaching methods: Listening practice; written practice and oral practice.

Teaching procedures

Step 1. Revision

(1) Check the homework exercises.

(2) Revise the key points of the two lessons.

Step 2. Listening

(1) Pre-listening: Tell the students turn to Page 155 and read the instructions to get a gist of the listening passage.

(2) While-listening:

① Play the tape for the students to answer the questions.

② Check the answers with the students.

(3) Post listening activity: get the students to talk about the listening passage.

Step 3. Checkpoints

Go through Checkpoint 23 with the students. Get the students to make sentences of their own using the useful expressions. Pick out some students to yell out their sentences to the rest of the class.

Step 4. Word study

SB P66, Part 2. Read the instructions and get students to fill in the blanks with the words given in the box. Check the answers with the students after they finish them.

Step 5. Writing

SB P66, Part 3. Read the instructions and tell the students to develop a passage to answer the letter in the workbook Ex.3. (a possible version: See below.)

Step 6. Workbook

Workbook Lesson 92. Ex.1~2 and the exercises in Unit 23 Revision. Get the students to do the exercises and then check the answers with the students. Answers: Ex.1.

1.have a word with　　2.free of charge　　　　 3.turned into　　 　4.instead of

5.Even though　　 　　6.have got something on　7.get together　　　8.all the best

Ex.2 1.dialled 　2.hire　　3.directory　 　4.frequently　　 5.mobile　　6.lately

Ex.3 (a possible version)

Dear Li Yimin,

Hello! I'm very pleased when you said that you're interested in our new mobile phone. Model SVK 200 was developed this year. It can be used all over the world by satellite, and we can make sure that you can get clear signals everywhere. You can buy it from any telephone equipment shop and you can order it from our factory. It costs 1000 yuan

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Fada Factory

Unit 23 Revision

Ex.1

1.how you look up the meanings of a word in a dictionary

2.That they don't know how to learn English through/by listening and reading

3.many girls in the countryside can't receive good education

4.we should use good learning methods and form good living habits

5.knowledge is strength

6.to make friends with good books will help you all your life

7.Whether the teacher should teach the students knowledge or learning methods

8.We have to develop not only reading and writing skills but also listening and speaking skills

Ex.2 1.recover　　 2.smart　 3.connect　　 4.excellent　　5.income　　 6.sew 7.strengthen　8.wind　　9.bargain　　 10.interrupt　 11.remind 　 12.lack　 13.due

Homework

(1) Finish off the exercises of Lesson 92 in workbook.

(2) Revise the key points of this unit.

Evaluation of teaching: